Dispersion Coefficient
As the injected zone moves downstream it disperses, forming a concentration gradient that can be viewed as a continuum of concentration segments of individual concentrations (C). Of these segments, the one situated at the peak apex (Cmax) is the one on which peak height measurement and calibration will be based.

1.2.6.
Dispersion coefficient (D) has been defined as a ratio of C° / Cmax , and flow injection systems are designed to yield 

dispersion of the injected sample.

Note that for D=2, a sample segment situated atop the peak has been diluted by carrier solution to half of its original concentration.